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The learning divide

A report of the findings of a UK-wide survey on adult participation in education and learning

This title has been withdrawn from general circulation, but we recognise it as still having some value to researchers and academics, as well as practitioners who wish to see how policy and practice have developed over the years.

Naomi Sargant with John Field, Hywel Francis, Tom Schuller and
Alan Tuckett
ISBN 1 86201 016 1
1997

£24.95 (US$47.00 €39.50) [excludes P&P]

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Learning divide book cover

The learning divide reports on a survey funded by the department for Education and Employment, which was carried out for NIACE by the Gallup Organisation in early 1996.

The survey highlights the full scale of the challenge which the UK faces in involving all its people in the learning society, and shows that the learning divide between the learning- rich and the learning-poor is growing.

It shows that:

	three in five of all adults have not taken part in adult learning in the last three years;
	more men than women are currently learning or have been recent learners;
	age is a barrier to participation;
	social class continues to be the key discriminator in participation;
	adults who are not in work have almost half the levels of participation as those in work or seeking work;
	length of initial education is still the best single predictor of participation in adult learning;
	there are major national and regional variations.

The report includes the first full study of participation in Northern Ireland and, with national studies of Scotland and Wales, gives the most comprehensive coverage of the United Kingdom.

The learning divide is packed with interesting information, and will be important to practitioners, researchers, education activists and policy-makers.

Contents

Foreword

Key findings

List of tables and figures

Chapter 1.

Introduction

Chapter 2.

The background to the research

Chapter 3.

Current and recent participation

	Current and recent participation in learning as measured by the 1996 survey
	Participation in learning, by social class and employment status
	Participation in learning, by terminal age of education
	Participation in learning, by age group
	Participation in learning, by nation and region

Chapter 4.

Comparisons over time

	Comparisons between current and recent measures of overall participation
	Comparison of participation in learning in the labour force age groups between 1993 and 1996
	Patterns of participation in learning: demographic comparisons over time
	Current/recent learning by social class, 1990 and 1996 compared
	Geographical patterns of learning: 1990 and 1996 compared

Chapter 5.

Future learning intentions

	Plans to take up learning in the future
	Future intentions to take up learning, by nations of the UK and regions of England
	Future intentions to take up learning, trends over time

Chapter 6.

Subjects of current or recent learning

	The changing environment
	Subjects of learning
	Subjects of study among labour force age groups
	Reasons for learning

Chapter 7.

Information and advice about learning opportunities, length of learning and its location

	Source of information about learning
	Location of learning
	Length of study

Chapter 8.

The importance of qualifications

	The National Targets for Education and Training
	Qualifications aimed for
	Qualifications attained

Chapter 9.

The learning environment

	Funding of learning
	Travel time and distance
	Reasons for giving up courses
	Other barriers to learning
	People's individual environment

Chapter 10.

Attitudes to learning and future plans for learning

	Attitudes to learning
	Future plans for learning
	Subjects of future study
	Marketing models

Chapter 11.

Participation in arts and crafts

	The use of leisure time
	Use of cultural and community facilities
	Art galleries and museums
	Enjoyment of particular arts and crafts
	Participation in arts and crafts
	Progression in learning arts and crafts

Chapter 12.

Northern Ireland - perspectives

	Current and future participation
	Patterns of study
	Information and advice
	Motivation and qualifications
	Non-participation
	Attitudes towards adult learning
	Conclusions

Chapter 13.

Wales - perspectives

	A different context? Competitiveness, partnership and social exclusion in Wales
	The findings in Wales
	General conclusions
	Identifying problems: economic, social and cultural
	Resources of hope in Wales

Chapter 14.

Scotland - perspectives

	Introduction and background
	The 1996 survey

Continuing Research Issues

References

Appendix 1.

Gallup Omnibus Survey on Lifelong Learning - Technical Appendix

Appendix 2.

Notes on the tables

Appendix 3.

A guide to socio-economic class

Appendix 4.

Regions

Appendix 5.

Analysis of weighted and unweighted samples

Appendix 6.

The questionnaire

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